Antibacterial Effect of the Flavonoid Extracts from Organum Majorona Against Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolates
Eman Abaob Mukhaifi
Biology Department, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq.
Israa Sami Othman
Biology Department, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq.
Fatima Saiwan Sabah
Chemistry Department, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq.
Salwa A. Abduljaleel *
Biology Department, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Marjoram was used as a medicinal herb for a very long time. Colds, coughs, cramps, sadness, arthritis, chest congestion, muscle aches, cancer, ear infections, gastrointestinal problems, migraines, paralysis, and depression have all been treated using marjoram or marjoram oil. It has also been used as an aphrodisiac.
Aims: The objective of the current investigation was to determine which Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria that were resistant to drugs due to Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) were susceptible to the action of Origanum majorana flavonoids.
Study Design: Forty clinical samples were obtained from Basra Hospital for Child and Maternity and Abi Al-Khasib General Hospital. Swabs were obtained from patients with vaginal infections.
Methodology: The susceptibility of 17 isolates to 5 antibiotics was determined by disk diffusion method. the bacterial solution with physiological normal saline and inoculated into nutrient agar, supplemented with different concentrations of the Organum majorona flavonoid (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%).
Results: Indicated a significant difference (p<0.05) and LSD 15.4 in bacteria's responses to the flavonoid in Organum majorona. In order to compare isolates' antibiotic susceptibilities, the highest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for Klebsiella pneumoniae were found to be 30.5 mm in 100% concentration of Organum majorona flavonoid, this study indicate that Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus haemolyticus are more antibiotic-resistant than Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Furthermore, the luxS gene of E. faecium was amplified from the isolated DNA using PCR, the band of each amplified quorum sensing signaling molecule luxS gene was defined in 198 bp by comparing it to a normal molecular DNA ladder (1000 bp).
Conclusion: The growth of Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae was suppressed by the flavonoid extraction from Origanum majorana.
Keywords: Isolation and identification, multidrug-resistant pathogen, Origanum majorana, quorum sensing luxS gene